Thursday 20 August 2015

Class XII: Ouestions of Chapter - 10 & 11 (Organic Chemistry)

IMPORTANT QUESTION OF CH-10 & 11
1. An alcohol A (C4H10O) on oxidation with acidified potassium dichromategives carboxylic acid B (C4H8O2). Compound A when dehydrated withconc. H2SO4 at 443 K gives compound C. Treatment of C with aqueousH2SO4 gives compound D (C4H10O) which is an isomer of A. CompoundD is resistant to oxidation but compound A can be easily oxidised. Identify
A, B, C and D and write their structures.
2. An organic compound A having molecular formula C6H6O gives acharacteristic colour with aqueous FeCl3. When A is treated with NaOHand CO2 at 400 K under pressure, compound B is obtained. CompoundB on acidification gives compound C which reacts with acetyl chloride to
form D which is a popular pain killer. Deduce the structure of A, B, C andD. What is the common name of Drug D?
3. An ether A (C5H12O) when heated with excess of hot concentrated HIproduced two alkyl halides which on hydrolysis from compounds B and C.Oxidation of B gives an acid D whereas oxidation of C gave a ketone E.Deduce the structures of A, B, C, D and E.
4. Phenol, C6H5OH when it first reacts with concentrated sulphuric acid, formsY.Y is reacted with concentrated nitric acid to form Z. Identify Y and Z andexplain why phenol is not converted commercially to Z by reacting it withconc. HNO3.
5. Give reason for the following:
(i) The C–O–C bond angle in dimethyl ether is (111.7°)
(ii) Alcohols have higher boiling points than ethers of comparablemolecular masses.
(iii) Phenols are more acidic than alcohols.
(iv) Nitro phenol is more acidic than o-methoxyphenol.
(v) Phenol is more reactive towards electrophilic substitution reactionthan benzene.
(vi) The following is not an appropriate method for the preparation of1-methoxy-4-nitrobenzene;
(vii) Write the suitable reaction for the preparation of1–methoxy–4–nitrobenzene
(viii) o-nitrophenol is steam volatile but p-nitrophenol is not.
(ix) phenol is less polar than ethanol.
(x) The phenyl methyl ether reacts with HI fo form phenol and
iodomethane and not iodobenzene and methanol.
(xi) methanol is less acidic than water.
(xii) alcohols can act as weak base as well as weak acids.
(xiii) phenols do not give protonation reaction readily.
(xiv) absolute ethanol can not be obtained by factional distillation of ethanoland water mixture.
6. Arrange the following in the increasing order of property shown :
(i) methanol, ethanol, diethylether, ethyleneglycol. (Boiling points)
(ii) phenol, o-nitrophenol, m-nitrophenol, p-nitrophenol. (Acid strength)
(iii) dimethylether, ethanol, phenol. (Solubility in water)
(iv) n-butanol, 2-methylpropan-1-ol, 2-methylpropan-2-ol. (Acid strength)
7. Give a chemical test to distinguish between the following pair of compounds.
(i) n-propyl alcohol and isopropylalcohol
(ii) methanol and ethanol
(iii) cyclohexanol and phenol.
(iv) propan-2-ol and 2-methylpropan-2-ol.
(v) phenol and anisole
(vi) ethanol and diethyl ether
8. An organic compound (A) having molecular formula C3H7Cl on reactionwith alcoholic solution of KCN gives compound B. The compound B onhydrolysis with dilute HCl gives compound C. C on reduction withH2/ Ni gives 1-aminobutane. Identify A, B and C.
An optically active compound having molecular formula C7H15Br reactswith aqueous KOH to give C7H15OH, which is optically inactive. Givemechanism for the reaction.A racemic mixture is obtained which is optically inactive.
9. An organic compound C8H9Br has three isomers A, B and C. A is opticallyactive. Both A and B gave the white precipitate when warmed with alcoholicAgNO3 solution in alkaline medium. Benzoic acid, terephthalic and pbromobenzoicacid were obtained on oxidation of A, B and C respectively.Identify A, B and C.
10. An alkyl halide X having molecular formula C6H13Cl on treatment withpotassium tert-butoxide gives two isomeric alkenes Y and Z but alkene yis symetrical. Both alkenes on hydrogenation give 2, 3-dimethylbutane.
Identify X, Y and Z.
11.Give reasons for the following :
(i) The bond length of C–Cl bond is larger in haloalkanes than that inhaloarenes.
(ii) Although alkyl halides are polar in nature but are not soluble inwater.
(iii) tert-butyl bromide has lower boiling point than n-Butyl bromide.
(iv) haloalkanes react with KCN to form alkyl cyanide as main productwhile with AgCN alkyl isocyanide is the main product.
(v) sulphuric acid is not used in the reaction of alcohol with Kl.
(vi) thionyl chloride is the preferred reagent for converting ethanol tochloroethane.
(vii) haloalkanes undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction easily buthaloarenes do not undergo nucleophilic substitution under ordinaryconditions.
(viii) chlorobenzene on reaction with fuming sulphuric acid gives orthoand para chlorosulphonic acids.
(ix) 2, 4-dinitro chlorobenzene is much more reactive than chlorobenzenetowards hydrolysis reaction with NaOH.
(x) Grignard reagent should be prepared under anhydrous conditions.
(xi) the dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexylchloride.
(xii) neopentyl bromide undergoes nucleophilic substitution reactions veryslowly
(xiii) vinyl chloride is unreactive in nucleophilic substitution reaction.
(xiv) An optically inactive product isobtained after the hydrolysis ofoptically active 2- bromobutane.
12.Arrange the following in the increasing order of properly indicated :
(i) bromomethane, chloromethane, dichloromethane. (Increasing order
of boiling points).
(ii) 1-chloropropane, isopropyl chloride, 1-chlorobutane (Increasing order
of boiling point)
(iii) dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon terachloride. (Increasing order
of dipole moment.
(iv) CH3F, CH3Cl, CH3Br, CH3l (Increasing reactivity towards nucleophilic
substitution and increasing order of dipole moment)
(v) o,m.p-dichlorobenzenes (Increasing order of melting points).
13.Arrange the following in the increasing order of properly indicated :
(i) bromomethane, chloromethane, dichloromethane. (Increasing orderof boiling points).
(ii) 1-chloropropane, isopropyl chloride, 1-chlorobutane (Increasing orderof boiling point)
(iii) dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon terachloride. (Increasing orderof dipole moment.
(iv) CH3F, CH3Cl, CH3Br, CH3l (Increasing reactivity towards nucleophilicsubstitution and increasing order of dipole moment)
(v) o,m.p-dichlorobenzenes (Increasing order of melting points).
14. How will you bring about the following conversions?
(i) benzene to 3-bromonitrobenzene
(ii) ethanol to but-1-yne
(iii) 1-bromopropane to 2-bromopropane
(iv) benzene to 4-bromo-1-nitrobenzene
(v) aniline to chlorobenzene
(vi) 2-methyl-1-propene to 2-chloro-2-methylpropane
(vii) ethyl chloride to propanoic acid
(viii) but-1-ene to n-butyl iodide
(ix) benzene to phenylchloromethane.

(x) tert-butyl bromide to isobutyl bromide.

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